花生書友:經外卷研究——耶穌的母親馬利亞(七)

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下一期就進入尾聲,七、八兩章算係最長的兩章。除非有突發事情,如無意外,這份研究報告都會在十一月中/十二月頭左右結束。這個月都On peak,於是小編向「散會時代」請假一個月,到十月月尾才能完成這篇文章。但忙碌到盡「都是虛空,都是捕風。」
借用kawabata H Yasunari 所言:賽7:14,希伯來文「‘al·māh」,原本解作「適婚女子」、「少婦」,而非專指「未經人道」的「處女」。在猶太傳統中,這段經文並不是指向「彌賽亞」而言,且傾向以「非神話」的方式釋讀。可是,希臘文「七十士譯本」,卻用了「παρθένος」(parthenos),即「處女」一字翻譯「‘al·māh」。其焦點便從「兆頭」轉移至「童女/處女」之上,後來成為了「聖母學」的重要基礎。今天基督教神學乃建基於「七十士譯本」對「希伯來聖經」的曲解。如果忽略了「七十士譯本」,而認真尋求經文的原義,基督教神學便會面臨挑戰。

但最初小編只是對天主教徒為何對「聖母」「敬禮」覺得好奇而已。但碰上有牧者提出「七十士譯本」和「希伯來聖經」之間的差別,剛好碰上小編的《誕主者馬利亞福音》的翻譯,算是一種「補檔」同「應時」的釋經了。

《微調更正》
第六章第二節:
So that when nothing appeared agreeable to the heavenly voice, the high-priest judged it proper to consult God again,
應譯作:
就在那時,「從天上而來之聲並沒有得著的應允」,大祭師質疑並打算再一次求問於神,
對不起,以為上一章章節少所以鬆懈了少少。

CHAP. VII. 第七章
1 The salutation of the Virgin by Gabriel, who explains to her that she shall conceive, without lying with a man, while a Virgin, by the Holy Ghost coming upon her without the heats of lust. She submits.
命名馬利亞的天使加百列,告訴她將會懷孕,不需與男人同寐,當她還在童貞之時,從聖靈感孕,不需要受到性慾的煎熬。她選擇服從。

NOW at this time of her first coming into Galilee, the angel Gabriel was sent to her from God, to declare to her the conception of our Saviour, and the manner and way of her conceiving him.
正當她再次回到加利利,神差遣天使加百列到馬利亞面前,向她宣告她將懷上我們的救世主,並以什麼形式和方法讓她懷上他。

2 Accordingly going into her, he filled the chamber where she was with a prodigious light, and in a most courteous manner saluting her, he said,
天使進入她所住內室,室內就被大光所充滿,謙卑地向她敬禮,他說:

3 Hail, Mary! Virgin of the Lord most acceptable! O Virgin full of Grace! The Lord is with you, you are blessed above all women, you are blessed above all men, that. have been hitherto born.
「馬利亞是可稱頌的!你的童貞在神裡已蒙悅納!噢!童貞女滿有恩典!神與你同在,你所受的祝福遠高於一切女子,所受的祝福遠高於一切男子,和迄今為止被造的。」

4 But the Virgin, who had before been well acquainted with the countenances of angels, and to whom such light from heaven was no uncommon thing,
但馬利亞已經熟練的應對天使,面對從天而來的大光並沒有特別之處,

5 Was neither terrified with the vision of the angel, nor astonished at the greatness of the light, but only troubled about the angel’s words:
沒有對天使的目光感到恐懼,也沒有對大光感到震驚,但對天使所說的話感到困惑:

6 And began to consider what so extraordinary a salutation should mean, what it did portend, or what sort of end it would have.
她開始思考這非比尋常的救恩的真正意義,是會有怎樣預兆,這事會怎樣完結。

7 To this thought the angel, divinely inspired, replies;
天使明白馬利亞的心思,天使按照啟示,回答說;

8 Fear not, Mary, as though I intended anything inconsistent with your chastity in this salutation:
「不要害怕,馬利亞,你的貞潔與這救恩並沒有矛盾:

9 For you have found favour with the Lord, because you made virginity your choice.
因為你已經為主所喜悅,就是你選擇了貞潔。

10 Therefore while you are a Virgin, you shall conceive without sin, and bring forth a son.
所以你還在處女之時,你將在沒有罪中懷孕,並生出一個男孩。

11 He shall be great, because he shall reign from sea to sea, and from the rivers to the ends of the earth.
他是偉大的,因為「他要執掌權柄,從這海直到那海,從大河直到地極。」(詩篇‬ ‭72‬:‭8)

12 And he shall be called the Son of the Highest; for he who is born in a mean state on earth reigns in an exalted one in heaven.
他必稱作至高者的兒子;雖然他在骯髒的地方出世,但他是天上統治者,是最顯赫的一位。

13 And the Lord shall give him the throne of his father David, and he shall reign over the house of Jacob for ever, and of his kingdom there shall be no end.
主將給他大衞的寶座,他將統治雅各家直到永遠,他的國永無窮盡。

14 For he is the King of Kings, and Lord of Lords, and his throne is for ever and ever.
他是萬王之王、萬主之主、他必掌權作王直到永永遠遠。」

15 To this discourse of the angel the Virgin replied not, as though she were unbelieving, but willing to know the manner of it.
天使向她顯示,雖然她仍未能相信,但願意知道這兆頭是如何運作。

16 She said, How can that be? For seeing, according to my vow, I have never known any man, how can I bear a child without the addition of a man’s seed?
她說,這又怎可能發生?如你所見,根據我的許願,然而,我並不知男女之事,又怎能懷孕生子?

17 To this the angel replied and said, Think not, Mary, that you shall conceive in the ordinary way.
天使回答說:「馬利亞,不需思慮太多,你將會平常的懷孕。

18 For, without lying with a man, while a Virgin, you shall conceive; while a Virgin, you shall bring forth; and while a Virgin shall give suck.
因為未與男子同寐,當你還是處女之時,你將懷孕;當你還是處女之時,你將生產;當你還是處女之時,你將被懷孕所折磨(或譯:你的貞潔成為你的折磨)。

19 For the Holy Ghost shall come upon you, and the power of the Most High shall overshadow you, without any of the heats of lust.
因為聖靈將感孕於你,至高者的力量遮蓋你,使你不受情慾的煎熬。

20 So that which shall be born of you shall be only holy, be. cause it only is conceived without sin, and being born, shall be called the Son of God.
所以從你而生的是分別為聖的。這事發生只因為無罪之下懷孕,唯有從這樣生的,就稱作神的兒子。」

21 Then Mary stretching forth her hands, and lifting her eyes to heaven, said, Behold the handmaid of the Lord! Let it be unto me according to thy word.
然後馬利亞舉起雙手,舉目望天,說:「看哪!女僕人敬聽!願祢的話在我身上應驗。」

編者按:這章大概是天使向馬利亞宣告神的話,就是她將「未婚懷孕」,生出救世主。其實呢,如果文章提及舊約聖經的經文,小編就會「原汁原味」地無鏠連接,大大地增加翻譯時的速度、效率,和減少爭議。

這章的天使的說詞,很有戲劇的味道,好適合歌唱家歌唱,也是一段氣勢磅礴的宣告。其實小編在高中時在班中曾經做過編劇:《完壁歸趙》、《無事生非》,喜歡說書人嘅YouTuber ,他們總能把故事說得有趣。小編也曾經思考過耶利米、尼布甲尼撒、但以理之間的關係,但最終因為資料不足就寫成了《演義式聯想》。

《聚、散、再聚——從耶利米到但以理》(從聖經作者A至作者B時的演義式構想) 是小編以前所編另一篇鴻文,其實小編覺得好啱用來做劇本。

小編曾經拜讀過一本叫《聖母學》的書籍,是用中文寫的,但串了在一起則讀到小編「一嚿雲」,所以不服輸的小編為了了解何謂「聖母學」,再一次挑戰這卷五年前小編曾經拜讀的《誕主者馬利亞福音》了。

相關文章:
花生書友:經外卷研究——耶穌的母親馬利亞(一)
花生書友:經外卷研究——耶穌的母親馬利亞(二)
花生書友:經外卷研究——耶穌的母親馬利亞(三)
花生書友:經外卷研究——耶穌的母親馬利亞(四)
花生書友:經外卷研究——耶穌的母親馬利亞(五)
花生書友:經外卷研究——耶穌的母親馬利亞(六)

作者(譯者):花生書友
趁年青.學釋經
參考資料

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